{"id":2704,"date":"2022-02-09T10:13:55","date_gmt":"2022-02-09T09:13:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/protecnic.es\/?p=2704"},"modified":"2022-02-09T10:13:55","modified_gmt":"2022-02-09T09:13:55","slug":"el-consumo-energetico-en-el-proceso-de-extrusion-de-plasticos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/protecnic.es\/en\/el-consumo-energetico-en-el-proceso-de-extrusion-de-plasticos\/","title":{"rendered":"Energy consumption in the plastic extrusion process"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Uno de los procesos m\u00e1s utilizados para la transformaci\u00f3n de materiales\u00a0 pl\u00e1sticos es el de extrusi\u00f3n. El <a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Extrusi%C3%B3n\">t\u00e9rmino extrusi\u00f3n<\/a> es muy amplio e incluye diferentes tipos de procesos, como pel\u00edcula soplada, pel\u00edcula plana, extrusi\u00f3n de perfiles y tubos, extrusi\u00f3n de soplado de botellas, etc.<\/p>\n<p>Energ\u00e9ticamente, los procesos de transformaci\u00f3n de pl\u00e1sticos requieren generalmente un importante aporte de energ\u00eda, tanto t\u00e9rmica como mec\u00e1nica. Por un lado, los pl\u00e1sticos tienen que calentarse a altas temperaturas para su manipulaci\u00f3n hasta que se fundan. Por otro lado, este pl\u00e1stico fundido se transporta al interior de la extrusora, se somete a alta presi\u00f3n y se env\u00eda a un cabezal donde toma su forma. A continuaci\u00f3n, el producto se enfr\u00eda, transporta, corta, enrolla, etc. Procesos que a su vez requieren una cantidad importante de energ\u00eda.<\/p>\n<p>Con el objetivo de aprovechar los residuos pl\u00e1sticos en las f\u00e1bricas y darles una segunda oportunidad, han surgido nuevas m\u00e1quinas que mecanizan y aceleran el proceso de reciclaje. En particular,<a href=\"https:\/\/protecnic.es\/en\/matriceria\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> la m\u00e1quina de extrusi\u00f3n de pl\u00e1stico<\/a> es una de las m\u00e1s importantes en las f\u00e1bricas de todo el mundo, ya que puede procesar materiales llamados termopl\u00e1sticos, elast\u00f3meros y termoestables.<\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2705 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/protecnic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Protecnic-proceso-de-extrusion-de-plasticos.jpg\" alt=\"Protecnic proceso de extrusi\u00f3n de pl\u00e1sticos\" width=\"450\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/protecnic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Protecnic-proceso-de-extrusion-de-plasticos.jpg 800w, https:\/\/protecnic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Protecnic-proceso-de-extrusion-de-plasticos-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/protecnic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Protecnic-proceso-de-extrusion-de-plasticos-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/protecnic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Protecnic-proceso-de-extrusion-de-plasticos-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el proceso de extrusi\u00f3n de pl\u00e1stico?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>La extrusi\u00f3n de pl\u00e1stico es un proceso industrial que utiliza una extrusora para prensar y dar forma al pl\u00e1stico. Se aplica presi\u00f3n y empuje con un molde para crear la forma deseada, fabricando as\u00ed tubos de pl\u00e1stico, <a href=\"https:\/\/protecnic.es\/en\/productos\/canto-pvc-abs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cantos de PVC para muebles<\/a>, perfiles, perfiles t\u00e9cnicos, cubre tornillos, l\u00e1minas, l\u00e1minas y pel\u00edculas, filamentos y otros productos pl\u00e1sticos.<\/p>\n<p>Este proceso se diferencia del moldeado en que la extrusi\u00f3n es un proceso continuo en el que se forman productos como tubos, perfiles, filamentos y l\u00e1minas forzando el material pl\u00e1stico a trav\u00e9s de un orificio de formaci\u00f3n llamado \u00abhilera\u00bb. Mientras que el proceso de moldeado, como su nombre indica, consiste en poner la masa de pl\u00e1stico en un molde que le da forma.<\/p>\n<p>Las extrusoras de pl\u00e1stico tienen tres funciones: primero, toman el granulado del sistema de alimentaci\u00f3n y lo transportan comprimi\u00e9ndolo y desgasific\u00e1ndolo parcialmente; segundo, se mezclan y crean un derretimiento homog\u00e9neo; y tercero, desarrollan suficiente presi\u00f3n para vencer la resistencia al flujo de la matriz abierta de manera que el perfil sale de la matriz continuamente.<\/p>\n<p>La creciente conciencia ambiental ha llevado a ciertas medidas pol\u00edticas y legislativas en los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os que tienen un impacto directo en el usuario final de la energ\u00eda. El aumento del <a href=\"https:\/\/tarifaluzhora.es\/info\/precio-kwh\"><strong>coste de la energ\u00eda<\/strong><\/a> se debe principalmente a varios factores: mayor coste de los combustibles f\u00f3siles utilizados para su producci\u00f3n, tarifas punitivas en caso de sobreconsumo, etc. Este aumento del precio de la energ\u00eda hace que la <a href=\"https:\/\/tarifasgasluz.com\/faq\/como-entender-factura-luz\"><strong>factura el\u00e9ctrica<\/strong><\/a> de las empresas transformadoras de pl\u00e1stico sea una de las mayores partidas dentro de los costos generales y afecta el margen de utilidad, el precio final del producto y en definitiva la competitividad de la empresa.<\/p>\n<p>Para afrontar una pol\u00edtica de ahorro energ\u00e9tico es necesario conocer con exactitud el consumo energ\u00e9tico en las diferentes \u00e1reas de la empresa y evaluar en qu\u00e9 \u00e1reas es posible intervenir y en cu\u00e1les no. Este es principalmente el objetivo de las \u201cauditor\u00edas energ\u00e9ticas\u201d. Las auditor\u00edas energ\u00e9ticas pueden ser realizadas por expertos dedicados o por personal de la empresa que tenga un conocimiento profundo de sus operaciones.<\/p>\n<p>Asimismo, es importante estar familiarizado con la terminolog\u00eda utilizada tanto en los contratos como en las facturas de electricidad y comprender las implicaciones de factores como el tipo de contrato, el servicio contratado, etc. que conducen a los costos de electricidad.<\/p>\n  <div class=\"related-post grid\">\r\n      <div class=\"post-list\">\r\n\r\n            <div class=\"item\">\r\n            <div class=\"thumb post_thumb\">\r\n    <a  title=\"PROTECNIC at FIMMA + Maderalia 2026: 30 Years and a New Phase of Growth\" href=\"https:\/\/protecnic.es\/en\/fimma-maderalia-2026-protecnic-30th-anniversary\/?related_post_from=7949\">\r\n\r\n      <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1081\" height=\"567\" src=\"https:\/\/protecnic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/PORTADA-BLOG-MADERALIA-2026.jpg\" 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FIMMA + Maderalia 2026: 30 Years and a New Phase of Growth  <\/a>\r\n\r\n        <\/div>\r\n              <div class=\"item\">\r\n            <div class=\"thumb post_thumb\">\r\n    <a  title=\"Industrial Transformation Begins When Data Becomes Decisions\" href=\"https:\/\/protecnic.es\/en\/industrial-transformation-data-driven-decisions\/?related_post_from=7909\">\r\n\r\n      <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1081\" height=\"567\" src=\"https:\/\/protecnic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/DIGITAIZACION-ARTICULO-5-100.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-post-image\" alt=\"Industrial transformation through data analysis and data-driven decision-making\" srcset=\"https:\/\/protecnic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/DIGITAIZACION-ARTICULO-5-100.jpg 1081w, https:\/\/protecnic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/DIGITAIZACION-ARTICULO-5-100-300x157.jpg 300w, https:\/\/protecnic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/DIGITAIZACION-ARTICULO-5-100-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/protecnic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/DIGITAIZACION-ARTICULO-5-100-768x403.jpg 768w, https:\/\/protecnic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/DIGITAIZACION-ARTICULO-5-100-18x9.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1081px) 100vw, 1081px\" \/>\r\n\r\n    <\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  <a class=\"title post_title\"  title=\"Industrial Transformation Begins When Data Becomes Decisions\" href=\"https:\/\/protecnic.es\/en\/industrial-transformation-data-driven-decisions\/?related_post_from=7909\">\r\n        Industrial Transformation Begins When Data Becomes Decisions  <\/a>\r\n\r\n        <\/div>\r\n              <div class=\"item\">\r\n            <div class=\"thumb post_thumb\">\r\n    <a  title=\"Product Traceability as the Foundation of Smarter Manufacturing\" href=\"https:\/\/protecnic.es\/en\/product-traceability-smart-manufacturing\/?related_post_from=7871\">\r\n\r\n      <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1081\" height=\"567\" 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href=\"https:\/\/protecnic.es\/en\/product-traceability-smart-manufacturing\/?related_post_from=7871\">\r\n        Product Traceability as the Foundation of Smarter Manufacturing  <\/a>\r\n\r\n        <\/div>\r\n      \r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  <script>\r\n      <\/script>\r\n  <style>\r\n    .related-post {}\r\n\r\n    .related-post .post-list {\r\n      text-align: center;\r\n          }\r\n\r\n    .related-post .post-list .item {\r\n      margin: 10px;\r\n      padding: 25px;\r\n          }\r\n\r\n    .related-post .headline {\r\n      font-size: 18px !important;\r\n      color: #999999 !important;\r\n          }\r\n\r\n    .related-post .post-list .item .post_thumb {\r\n      max-height: 300px;\r\n      margin: 10px 0px;\r\n      padding: 0px;\r\n      display: block;\r\n          }\r\n\r\n    .related-post .post-list .item .post_title {\r\n      font-size: 16px;\r\n      color: #a83d72;\r\n      margin: 10px 0px;\r\n      padding: 0px;\r\n      line-height: bold;\r\n      display: block;\r\n      text-decoration: none;\r\n      font-weight: bold;    }\r\n\r\n    .related-post .post-list .item .post_excerpt {\r\n      font-size: 13px;\r\n      color: #3f3f3f;\r\n      margin: 10px 0px;\r\n      padding: 0px;\r\n      display: block;\r\n      text-decoration: none;\r\n          }\r\n\r\n    @media only screen and (min-width: 1024px) {\r\n      .related-post .post-list .item {\r\n        width: 20%;\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    @media only screen and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1023px) {\r\n      .related-post .post-list .item {\r\n        width: 90%;\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 767px) {\r\n      .related-post .post-list .item {\r\n        width: 90%;\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n      <\/style>\r\n    <\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Uno de los procesos m\u00e1s utilizados para la transformaci\u00f3n de materiales\u00a0 pl\u00e1sticos es el de extrusi\u00f3n. El t\u00e9rmino extrusi\u00f3n es muy amplio e incluye diferentes tipos de procesos, como pel\u00edcula soplada, pel\u00edcula plana, extrusi\u00f3n de perfiles y tubos, extrusi\u00f3n de soplado de botellas, etc. Energ\u00e9ticamente, los procesos de transformaci\u00f3n de pl\u00e1sticos requieren generalmente un importante [&hellip;]<\/p>\n  <div class=\"related-post grid\">\r\n      <div class=\"post-list\">\r\n\r\n            <div class=\"item\">\r\n            <div class=\"thumb post_thumb\">\r\n    <a  title=\"PROTECNIC at FIMMA + Maderalia 2026: 30 Years and a New Phase of Growth\" href=\"https:\/\/protecnic.es\/en\/fimma-maderalia-2026-protecnic-30th-anniversary\/?related_post_from=7949\">\r\n\r\n      <img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1081\" height=\"567\" src=\"https:\/\/protecnic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/PORTADA-BLOG-MADERALIA-2026.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-post-image\" alt=\"PROTECNIC stand displaying PVC and ABS edgebanding samples on the FIMMA + Maderalia 2026 blog cover.\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/protecnic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/PORTADA-BLOG-MADERALIA-2026.jpg 1081w, https:\/\/protecnic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/PORTADA-BLOG-MADERALIA-2026-300x157.jpg 300w, https:\/\/protecnic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/PORTADA-BLOG-MADERALIA-2026-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/protecnic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/PORTADA-BLOG-MADERALIA-2026-768x403.jpg 768w, https:\/\/protecnic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/PORTADA-BLOG-MADERALIA-2026-18x9.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1081px) 100vw, 1081px\" \/>\r\n\r\n    <\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  <a class=\"title post_title\"  title=\"PROTECNIC at FIMMA + Maderalia 2026: 30 Years and a New Phase of Growth\" href=\"https:\/\/protecnic.es\/en\/fimma-maderalia-2026-protecnic-30th-anniversary\/?related_post_from=7949\">\r\n        PROTECNIC at FIMMA + Maderalia 2026: 30 Years and a New Phase of Growth  <\/a>\r\n\r\n        <\/div>\r\n              <div 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https:\/\/protecnic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/DIGITAIZACION-ARTICULO-5-100-18x9.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1081px) 100vw, 1081px\" \/>\r\n\r\n    <\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  <a class=\"title post_title\"  title=\"Industrial Transformation Begins When Data Becomes Decisions\" href=\"https:\/\/protecnic.es\/en\/industrial-transformation-data-driven-decisions\/?related_post_from=7909\">\r\n        Industrial Transformation Begins When Data Becomes Decisions  <\/a>\r\n\r\n        <\/div>\r\n              <div class=\"item\">\r\n            <div class=\"thumb post_thumb\">\r\n    <a  title=\"Industrial Automation Applied to Edge Band Manufacturing\" href=\"https:\/\/protecnic.es\/en\/industrial-automation-edge-band-manufacturing\/?related_post_from=7879\">\r\n\r\n      <img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1081\" height=\"567\" src=\"https:\/\/protecnic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/DIGITAIZACION-ARTICULO-4-PORTADAS.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-post-image\" alt=\"Automatizaci\u00f3n industrial aplicada al proceso de fabricaci\u00f3n de cantos\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/protecnic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/DIGITAIZACION-ARTICULO-4-PORTADAS.jpg 1081w, https:\/\/protecnic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/DIGITAIZACION-ARTICULO-4-PORTADAS-300x157.jpg 300w, https:\/\/protecnic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/DIGITAIZACION-ARTICULO-4-PORTADAS-1024x537.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/protecnic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/DIGITAIZACION-ARTICULO-4-PORTADAS-768x403.jpg 768w, https:\/\/protecnic.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/DIGITAIZACION-ARTICULO-4-PORTADAS-18x9.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1081px) 100vw, 1081px\" \/>\r\n\r\n    <\/a>\r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  <a class=\"title post_title\"  title=\"Industrial Automation Applied to Edge Band Manufacturing\" href=\"https:\/\/protecnic.es\/en\/industrial-automation-edge-band-manufacturing\/?related_post_from=7879\">\r\n        Industrial Automation Applied to Edge Band Manufacturing  <\/a>\r\n\r\n        <\/div>\r\n      \r\n  <\/div>\r\n\r\n  <script>\r\n      <\/script>\r\n  <style>\r\n    .related-post {}\r\n\r\n    .related-post .post-list {\r\n      text-align: center;\r\n          }\r\n\r\n    .related-post .post-list .item {\r\n      margin: 10px;\r\n      padding: 25px;\r\n          }\r\n\r\n    .related-post .headline {\r\n      font-size: 18px !important;\r\n      color: #999999 !important;\r\n          }\r\n\r\n    .related-post .post-list .item .post_thumb {\r\n      max-height: 300px;\r\n      margin: 10px 0px;\r\n      padding: 0px;\r\n      display: block;\r\n          }\r\n\r\n    .related-post .post-list .item .post_title {\r\n      font-size: 16px;\r\n      color: #a83d72;\r\n      margin: 10px 0px;\r\n      padding: 0px;\r\n      line-height: bold;\r\n      display: block;\r\n      text-decoration: none;\r\n      font-weight: bold;    }\r\n\r\n    .related-post .post-list .item .post_excerpt {\r\n      font-size: 13px;\r\n      color: #3f3f3f;\r\n      margin: 10px 0px;\r\n      padding: 0px;\r\n      display: block;\r\n      text-decoration: none;\r\n          }\r\n\r\n    @media only screen and (min-width: 1024px) {\r\n      .related-post .post-list .item {\r\n        width: 20%;\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    @media only screen and (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1023px) {\r\n      .related-post .post-list .item {\r\n        width: 90%;\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    @media only screen and (min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 767px) {\r\n      .related-post .post-list .item {\r\n        width: 90%;\r\n      }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n      <\/style>\r\n    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